Political Institutions on national Level

---------------------

Political Institutions on local level

 

 

 بغض اتحادات البلديات في لبنان الشمالي

 

 

 

 

 

 

تاريخ كوريا الجنوبية منذ 1962

 

 برنامج تطوير لبنان الشمالي

 

سياسات التصدير

 -----------------------------------

International Financial Organizations which Finance Projects in Developing Countries:

The World Bank Group (WBG) is a family of five international organizations that make leveraged loans to developing countries. It is the largest and most well-known development bank in the world and is an observer at the United Nations Development Group.[7] The bank is headquartered in Washington, D.C. in the United States. It provided around $61 billion in loans and assistance to "developing" and transition countries in the 2014 fiscal year.[8] 

The World Bank (French: Banque mondiale)[5] is an international financial institution that provides interest-free loans and grants to the governments of poorer countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects.[6] It comprises two institutions: the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), and the International Development Association (IDA). The World Bank is a component of the World Bank Group. \

The International Monetary Fund (IMF), also known as the Fund, is an international organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of 189 countries working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world.[1] Formed in 1944 at the Bretton Woods Conference primarily by the ideas of Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes,[6] it came into formal existence in 1945 with 29 member countries and the goal of reconstructing the international payment system. It now plays a central role in the management of balance of payments difficulties and international financial crises.[7] Countries contribute funds to a pool through a quota system from which countries experiencing balance of payments problems can borrow money. As of 2016, the fund had SDR477 billion (about $667 billion).[8]

 

Response to financial crisis (from FDD | Crisis in Lebanon)

Yet the basic playbook goes as follows:

1.  The first step is to ascertain the size of the losses of the party in distress. No lenders or investors will provide new funding to a party in distress unless they have some sense of the scope of the problem and some assurance that the rescue funds will be sufficient to solve the problem. No one is interested in throwing good money after bad.

2. The second step is to identify the source of new funding, which can be a single institution or a consortium. 

3. The third step is to allocate losses among the stakeholders in the distressed party. This typically involves wiping out equity, forcing depositors or creditors to take a “haircut” 1  (which varies by the size of the losses), and allocating new equity, partly to the rescuer and partly as compensation to creditors for their haircuts.

4. Next, bad assets are stripped out of the failing institutions and put in a separate entity (either a “bad bank” or some form of trust for the benefit of creditors or taxpayers) so the rescued entity can start over with a clean balance sheet.

5. Finally, conditions are imposed to prevent another default, protect the interests of the party providing new funds, and provide oversight and transparency so that bailout funds are used for their intended purpose. Once these steps have been completed, the deal can be closed and the distressed party can return to business as usual.

 

There are many variations of this playbook. When a systemic crisis includes multiple failures, a form of triage is used, whereby banks are divided into three categories: sound, illiquid, and insolvent. The sound banks provide liquidity to the illiquid banks, while the insolvent banks are allowed to fail. This method stops the crisis and cleans out some rot at the same time. 

 

Introduction:

 

Saudi Arabia has very recently and very quickly become an industrialized nation. The demand for power is swiftly increasing (in 1999 alone it grew by 12%). The country has been spending between $3bn and $4bn dollars on expansion per annum

 

Planning of projects:

 

Saudi Arabia intends to carry out 16 key power projects in its eastern province of Ihsa over the next three years to meet a steady growth in domestic electricity demand, according to a Saudi official.
The government-controlled Saudi Electricity Company (SEC) is also planning to construct 14 other power generation plants in Ihsa during 2017-2021, said Sadeq Al Hajji, director of the power networks planning at SEC.
He was quoted by the Arabic language daily Al-Watan as saying in a lecture at Isha chamber that the projects in the next three years cover various cities and villages in the province, including Al Salmaniya, Al Ghassaniya, Ain Al Murjan, Al Khalidiya, Al Qadissiya, Al Masoudi, Nada and other areas.
He said the projects are needed to face a steady rise in domestic demand and supply power to new residential areas.
His figures showed massive investments in the electricity sector in the world's largest oil exporter have boosted power generation by nearly 108% over the past 12 years.

source:  www.zawya.com

 

List of Power Plants in Saudi Arabia 

 

 

 

title

CapacityMW

fuel_types

OutputMWh

CO2kg

IntensityKgMWh

Zalm Powerplant

   

4,336

2,687,080

620

Yanbu Swcc Powerplant

   

1,066,720

412,550,000

387

Yanbu Sceco Powerplant

   

68,096

33,333,600

489

Yanbu New Powerplant

   

5,391

3,278,570

608

Yanbu Marafiq Powerplant

900

Heavy Fuel Oil, Natural Gas

2,902,790

1,030,410,000

355

Yanbu Cement Plant Powerplant

   

563,488

230,170,000

409

Yamama Powerplant

   

460,206

236,178,000

513

Wadi Gizan Powerplant

   

59,352

29,397,300

495

Wadi Al-dawisir Powerplant

   

9,461

5,483,930

580

Uthmaniyah Powerplant

   

1,374,200

1,617,870,000

590

Uthmaniya Gas Plant Powerplant

305

Natural Gas

1,007,110

489,446,000

486

Umm Ludjj Desal Plant Powerplant

   

15,094

8,406,880

557

Umlaj Powerplant

   

27,306

14,455,100

529

Turayf-2 Powerplant

   

10,295

5,924,820

576

Turayf-1 Powerplant

   

20,199

10,972,400

543

Turah Thaqef Powerplant

   

7,650

4,515,970

590

Turabah Powerplant

   

29,820

15,667,100

525

Tihama Central Powerplant

   

764,681

304,291,000

398

Thuwal Powerplant

   

14,534

8,120,210

559

Tayma Powerplant

   

24,188

12,937,400

535

Tathlith Powerplant

   

11,676

6,646,940

569

Tabuk-3 Powerplant

   

99,583

47,185,400

474

Tabuk-2 Powerplant

   

339,246

160,493,000

473

Tabuk-1 Powerplant

   

153,850

70,233,300

456

Tabuk Airport Powerplant

   

57,907

28,742,300

496

Tabuk (mod) Powerplant

   

1,318,860

500,880,000

380

Tabarjal Powerplant

   

146,349

67,096,300

459

Smoi Plant Powerplant

   

26,185

13,910,800

531

Smaw Plant Powerplant

   

23,365

12,534,600

537

Shuaibah Field Powerplant

   

7,798

4,595,800

589

Shedqum Powerplant

   

4,165,130

1,825,030,000

438

Shedqum Aramco Powerplant

305

Natural Gas

990,026

481,743,000

487

Shaybah Gas Plant Powerplant

   

770,938

382,045,000

496

Sharurah Powerplant

   

47,057

23,775,500

505

Shaqra Powerplant

   

60,133

29,751,100

495

Saudi National Guard Powerplant

   

6,004

3,618,760

603

Sasref Powerplant

   

312,976

165,642,000

529

Samitah Powerplant

   

14,110

7,904,300

560

Salwah Powerplant

   

11,855

6,740,380

568

Safwa Powerplant

   

74,695

36,275,600

486

Sadaf Cogen Powerplant

   

821,709

405,314,000

493

Rumah Powerplant

   

4,655

2,867,610

616

Riyadh University Powerplant

   

148,088

67,824,800

458

Riyadh Sport Cities Powerplant

   

7,007

4,167,610

595

Riyadh Military Hospital Powerplant

   

36,327

18,766,000

517

Riyadh City-09-e Powerplant

   

331,610

264,608,000

399

Riyadh City-09-d Powerplant

   

1,517,200

1,082,630,000

357

Riyadh City-09-c Powerplant

   

1,518,100

1,111,750,000

366

Riyadh City-09 Powerplant

   

8,843,560

3,328,780,000

376

Riyadh City-08 Powerplant

   

6,098,770

2,601,040,000

426

Riyadh City-07 Powerplant

   

4,272,830

1,868,740,000

437

Riyadh City-05 Powerplant

   

1,096,950

423,229,000

386

Riyadh City-04 Powerplant

   

938,790

1,181,430,000

630

Riyadh City-03 Powerplant

   

627,835

254,091,000

405

Riyadh Cement Plant Powerplant

   

11,120

6,357,550

572

Riyadh Bottling Plant Powerplant

   

5,198

3,171,520

610

Riyadh Bghd Powerplant

   

22,251

11,986,600

539

Rawbat Bn Habbas Powerplant

   

4,220

2,621,760

621

Ras Tanura Refinery Powerplant

   

685,198

344,338,000

503

Ras Tanura New Powerplant

148

Natural Gas

467,568

240,317,000

514

Ras Al Muajjis Terminal Powerplant

   

144,882

81,111,400

560

Ras Al Khafji Powerplant

   

102,794

48,575,200

473

Ras Al Khafji Aoc Powerplant

   

76,580

86,354,900

562

Ranyah Powerplant

   

32,549

16,972,500

522

Rafha-1 Powerplant

   

180,607

97,009,800

537

Rabigh Refinery Powerplant

   

268,989

117,059,000

435

Rabigh Powerplant

2,661

Oil

16,100,000

4,688,290,000

291

Rabigh Diesel Powerplant

   

131,050

118,542,000

452

Rabigh Cement Plant Powerplant

   

200,439

109,588,000

547

Quwayyah Powerplant

   

11,505

6,558,040

570

Qunfuda Powerplant

   

186,590

83,784,000

449

Petromin Mill Powerplant

   

199,198

88,945,800

446

Oneiza Powerplant

   

14,567

8,137,450

559

New Jeddah Powerplant

   

107,038

50,405,900

471

Najran Central Powerplant

   

390,316

164,527,000

421

Mecca Powerplant

   

88,604

42,405,400

479

Masturah Powerplant

   

5,861

3,539,830

604

Makkah-2 Powerplant

   

1,788,150

661,633,000

370

Makkah-1 Powerplant

   

76,334

37,003,200

485

Madinah-3 Powerplant

   

204,431

91,079,500

445

Madinah-2 Powerplant

   

232,783

102,564,000

440

Madinah-1 Powerplant

   

66,067

32,424,600

491

Layla Powerplant

   

19,052

10,400,900

546

Layla Center Powerplant

   

94,688

45,060,800

476

King's Palace Riyadh Powerplant

   

5,204

3,175,150

610

King Khaled Airport Powerplant

   

29,106

15,323,300

527

King Faisal Hospital Powerplant

   

100,661

47,652,600

474

King Fahd Intl Airport Powerplant

   

16,051

8,892,220

554

King Fahad Hospital Powerplant

   

40,836

20,884,300

512

Khursaniyah Powerplant

   

2,712,100

1,728,820,000

319

Khulays Powerplant

   

68,632

33,574,000

489

Khaybar Powerplant

   

24,049

12,869,300

535

Khamis Powerplant

   

38,133

19,617,000

514

Karan Gas Plant Powerplant

   

1,576,800

922,970,000

293

Juddayidat Powerplant

   

25,473

13,565,100

533

Jubail Port Powerplant

   

10,158

5,852,250

576

Jubail Methanol Powerplant

   

200,872

14,767,200

73

Jubail Desal Powerplant

2,745

Natural Gas, Diesel Oil

0.0

0.0

0.0

Juaymah Powerplant

305

Natural Gas

1,001,980

487,135,000

486

Joba Center Powerplant

   

259,054

113,099,000

437

Jizan Central-1 Powerplant

   

1,293,910

561,226,000

434

Jeddah-3 Powerplant

   

3,393,010

1,188,430,000

350

Jeddah-3 Ext Powerplant

   

224,494

99,219,700

442

Jeddah-2 Powerplant

   

232,737

102,545,000

440

Jeddah Swcc Powerplant

   

2,428,990

875,483,000

361

Jeddah Sagco Powerplant

   

7,199

4,271,930

593

Jeddah Refinery Powerplant

   

34,143

17,730,900

519

Jeddah Dpp Powerplant

   

3,846

2,407,670

626

Jeddah Airport Powerplant

   

58,899

29,192,300

496

Jeddah Air Defence School Powerplant

   

49,800

25,040,100

503

Jeddah Ads Powerplant

   

113,024

52,976,900

469

Jamjoon Center Powerplant

   

9,413

5,458,530

580

Jabalsahn Powerplant

   

18,831

10,291,100

547

Issawiah Powerplant

   

25,473

13,565,100

533

Imanco Powerplant

   

7,375

4,367,190

592

Ibn Twalah Powerplant

   

3,963

2,474,800

625

Hute-sete Plant Powerplant

   

11,907

6,767,600

568

Huraimla Powerplant

   

15,381

8,552,030

556

Hotat Sudair Powerplant

   

19,277

10,513,400

545

Hofuf El Hasa Powerplant

   

256,980

137,976,000

537

Haradh Powerplant

   

157,680

71,830,900

455

Haql Powerplant

   

15,178

8,448,610

557

Haql Desal Plant Powerplant

   

10,633

6,101,720

574

Halat Ammar Powerplant

   

28,362

14,964,900

528

Ha'il-2 Powerplant

   

792,654

314,453,000

397

Ha'il-1 Powerplant

   

73,829

35,891,000

486

Gizan Cement Powerplant

   

96,292

45,757,500

475

Ghazlan Powerplant

150

Natural Gas

32,100,000

12,065,600,000

377

Fursan Powerplant

   

6,334

3,800,200

600

Farasan City Powerplant

   

50,446

25,336,800

502

Faras Powerplant

   

2,753,150

1,243,340,000

452

Faras Aramco Powerplant

   

752,791

373,700,000

496

Durrat Al-arus Powerplant

   

15,752

8,740,730

555

Durma Powerplant

   

9,274

5,385,050

581

Duba Powerplant

   

116,040

66,024,900

569

Duba Desal Plant Powerplant

   

10,633

6,101,720

574

Duba Cement Plant Powerplant

   

52,083

26,087,000

501

Dhahran Medical Center Powerplant

   

73,329

35,668,700

486

Dhahran (cad) Powerplant

   

70,659

34,479,400

488

Dawmat Al-jandal Powerplant

   

10,264

5,908,490

576

Dammam Powerplant

   

1,580,030

743,056,000

470

Dammam (mi) Powerplant

   

17,093

9,418,390

551

Bureidah Powerplant

   

39,300

20,164,900

513

Bureidah Center Powerplant

   

132,180

61,130,600

463

Bureidah Cement Plant Powerplant

   

48,964

24,655,500

503

Bulghah Gold Mine Powerplant

   

5,246

3,198,730

610

Buhairat Powerplant

   

56,730

28,207,100

497

Bishah Plant Powerplant

   

353,676

150,347,000

425

Bishah Central Powerplant

   

540,781

221,674,000

410

Berri Powerplant

   

736,873

366,369,000

497

Berri Gas Plant Powerplant

   

994,338

483,687,000

486

Batha Powerplant

   

48,608

33,108,600

341

Baish Powerplant

   

59,481

29,456,300

495

Aththamad Powerplant

   

4,026

2,511,090

624

Assawada Powerplant

   

7,333

4,344,510

592

Asir Central Powerplant

   

1,121,660

431,936,000

385

As-safaniyah Powerplant

   

230,333

124,661,000

541

Arraqay Powerplant

   

19,612

10,680,300

545

Ar-ar Moi Powerplant

   

4,157

2,585,480

622

Ar-ar 1 Powerplant

   

409,325

212,657,000

519

An Nimas Powerplant

   

19,320

10,535,100

545

Al-zulfi Powerplant

   

24,012

12,851,200

535

Al-wajh Powerplant

   

32,267

16,838,300

522

Al-ula Powerplant

   

17,939

9,843,860

549

Al-taif Powerplant

   

190,113

85,229,100

448

Al-sulayil Powerplant

   

9,342

5,421,340

580

Al-shuqaiq-1 Powerplant

   

307,576

168,851,000

549

Al-shuaibah Sec Powerplant

4,323

Heavy Fuel Oil

19,100,000

5,765,160,000

302

Al-shuaibah Powerplant

   

1,690,290

628,446,000

372

Al-rass Powerplant

   

8,986

5,231,730

582

Al-qurayyat-2 Powerplant

   

168,954

76,512,900

453

Al-qurayyat-1 Powerplant

   

46,035

23,302,900

506

Al-qurayyah Powerplant

2,400

Natural Gas, Oil

13,500,000

5,438,510,000

402

Al-qaysumah Powerplant

   

223,449

98,797,000

442

Al-qassim Center Powerplant

   

2,317,070

838,523,000

362

Al-namas Powerplant

   

14,735

8,223,630

558

Al-muwayh Powerplant

   

5,467

3,321,200

607

Al-midnab Powerplant

   

14,298

8,000,460

560

Al-majmah Powerplant

   

60,345

29,846,400

494

Al-lith Powerplant

   

13,924

7,808,140

561

Al-khurmah Powerplant

   

38,164

19,631,500

514

Al-khozam Farm Powerplant

   

10,383

5,971,090

575

Al-khobar Powerplant

   

1,722,730

639,467,000

371

Al-kharkhir Powerplant

   

4,798

2,947,440

614

Al-kharj Powerplant

   

152,322

69,595,600

457

Al-jubail Swcc Powerplant

720

Fuel Oil

9,321,300

3,851,260,000

413

Al-jubail Refinery Powerplant

   

79,010

38,187,000

484

Al-jouf Powerplant

   

271,763

118,162,000

435

Al-harabi Powerplant

   

39,147

20,093,200

513

Al-hanakiyah Powerplant

   

11,449

6,529,010

570

Al-guaymah Powerplant

   

413,924

214,645,000

518

Al-ghat Powerplant

   

4,655

2,867,610

616

Al-dawadmi Powerplant

   

29,115

15,327,800

527

Al-batin Powerplant

   

2,233,510

810,830,000

363

Al-baha Powerplant

   

168,416

76,289,700

453

Al Khafji Field Powerplant

   

139,926

78,535,900

561

Al Dammam (saf) Powerplant

   

121,634

68,969,600

567

Affeaf Powerplant

   

59,863

29,628,700

495

Abqaiq Ngl Plant Powerplant

   

382,204

199,353,000

522

Abqaiq Field Powerplant

   

984,981

479,467,000

487

 

174609820 MWh per year      
       
 MW bei 24h*350d    
20786,9 MW  (about 20.8 GW installed power in Saudi Arabia actually)

 

 

 

صورة : (المحطات الكهربائية الموجودة حاليا في لبنان الشمال (الخريطة ليست كاملة بعد

 

 

 

 

القدرة بال كيلوات (KW)

القدرة الإجمالية (KVA)

عدد السكان (نسمة)

اسم المنطقة

6400

8000

32000

بشري

5312

6640

 

أميون

7528

9410

 

دير نبوح

1976

2470

 

إهدن

728

910

 

بزيزا

16527

20659

 

عرجس

1178

1473

 

أصنون

3468

4335

 

بيت منذر

7080

8850

12000

القلمون

13712

17140

6997

شكا

2904

3630

 

كوسبا

23996

29995

6000

البداوي

19624

24530

 

بترومين

8068

10085

 

دده

11624

14530

 

فيع

3856

4820

 

قلحات

 جدول 1 - جدول لتوزيع المحطات الإقليمية في شمال لبنان و قدرة كل منها

 

 

صورة 1: توزيع المحطات الإقليمية في شمال لبنان وقدة كل منها 

 

 

 

 

القدرة بال كيلوات (KW)

القدرة الإجمالية (KVA)

عدد السكان (نسمة)

اسم المنطقة

29500

36875

800000

البحصاص

50180

62725

طرابلس

23708

29635

أورانج ناسو

31788

39735

المينا

9136

11420

التبانة

8688

10860

القبة

 

جدول 2 - جدول لتوزيع المحطات الإقليمية في شمال لبنان و قدرة كل منها و عدد السكان.

 

.

 

*          الشركات أو الجامعات أو المدارس ... المغذاة

اسم المنطقة

اسم المحطة

مفرق المخيم

البداوي

دير عمار

طريق الكنز

شركة الغاز

وادي النحلة

محطة أكومي

لافاجيت

المنكوبين

 

التبانة

قاديشا

القبة

ثانوية القبة

كلية الهندسة

الأرز

الثكنة

 

العيرونية

 

الجسر

مستشفى الهلال

مخيم البداوي

مصنع الزجاج

طلعة البداوي

جدول 3 - توزيع الطاقة الكهربائية من محطة دير عمار إلى عدة مناطق.

 

 

صورة 4 – خريطة لتوزيع الطاقة الكهربائية من محطة دير عمار إلى عدة مناطق في طرابلس

 

 

 

صورة 3- خريطة لتوزيع الطاقة الكهربائية من محطة الحريشة إلى بعض قرى و بلدات قضاء الكورة.

 

 

 

اقراحات لمحطات كهربائية جدد عن طريق معالجة النفايات